Prior to 2019, Ethiopia's economy exhibited sustained growth, despite underlying macroeconomic imbalances. While the government's substantial investment in infrastructure fueled expansion, it also contributed to high inflation, inadequate job creation, and mounting credit pressures. To address these structural challenges and foster sustainable, inclusive economic growth, Ethiopia initiated an Indigenous Economic Reform Agenda in the first quarter of the 2019 fiscal year. A cornerstone of this reform was the implementation of stringent fiscal policies aimed at stabilizing the macroeconomic environment. Debt Reduction To alleviate the country's debt burden, the government has shifted its borrowing strategy away from high-interest commercial loans towards concessional loans with lower interest rates and longer repayment terms. Furthermore, efforts have been made to reduce borrowing by public enterprises and improve project planning and execution through rigorous research and capacity building. Debt restructuring and negotiation with creditors have also contributed to lowering the overall debt burden. Balance of Trade To improve the trade balance and increase national income, tremendous activities have been carried out on boosting production, productivity, and the capacity of sector institutions. By expanding economic growth drivers, particularly in agriculture, industry, tourism, mining, and ICT, tangible results have been achieved. These reforms have led to increased production, productivity, and foreign trade performance, thereby improving the trade balance and generating sufficient revenue for debt servicing. In the previous fiscal year alone, earnings from goods and services surpassed 10 billion USD, while remittances exceeded 6.5 billion USD. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) reached 3.8 billion USD in the 2023/2024 fiscal year alone. Significant strides have been made in import substitution, including wheat. Over the past ten months, the country replaced imports worth 2 billion USD. From 2018/2019 to 2022/2023, average GDP growth stood at 7.1 percent. Filling Budget Deficit To address the budget deficit, the government has prioritized increasing revenue as a percentage of Gross National Product (GNP). Recent years have witnessed significant progress in tax administration through the expansion of the tax base and the implementation of a modernized tax collection system. As a result, tax revenue surpassed 529 billion Birr in the previous fiscal year. Reducing Inflation Efforts to stabilize prices have centered on increasing product supply, particularly through the “Bounty of the Basket” development initiative, and enhancing productivity. Agricultural output has surged, with harvests exceeding 100 million quintals this year compared to the previous year. Additionally, the government injected 10 billion Birr into the economy and lifted import duties on essential goods. To control monetary expansion and reduce government borrowing from the National Bank, measures have been implemented to regulate cash flow and restrict credit lending by commercial banks. As a result of these and other adjustments, inflation has declined from over 30 percent to 19.9 percent. Job Creation The economic reforms implemented in recent years have yielded significant job creation. Over 3.8 million jobs were generated in the past fiscal year alone, primarily within the industrial, agricultural, urban development, and infrastructure sectors. Concurrently, the government has facilitated legal employment opportunities for over 300,000 Ethiopians abroad. Comprehensive Macroeconomic Reform Policy Implementation Building upon the successes of the initial economic reform program while acknowledging the remaining challenges, Ethiopia has launched a comprehensive macroeconomic reform policy. This initiative is centered on four key pillars including establishing a modern, stable, and sustainable macroeconomic policy environment, fostering innovation, competitiveness, and investment, strengthening domestic production and productivity across sectors and increasing the government's capacity to provide quality services. This reform agenda aims to stimulate robust, private sector-led, inclusive growth and job creation. The overarching goals include sustained high economic growth and single-digit inflation. By addressing foreign exchange imbalances, strengthening the financial sector, controlling inflation, increasing tax revenue, optimizing government investment, enhancing banking sector competitiveness, and improving the business environment, the government seeks to build a modern as well as globally competitive economy. Key components of the reform include transitioning to a market-based exchange rate system, implementing a modern interest rate-based monetary policy, reforming fiscal policy to reduce public finance pressures, and optimizing development finance and public debt management. These measures are aligned with Ethiopia's long-term and medium-term development plans. The anticipated outcomes of these reforms are impressive. Accordingly, the nation is highly expected to register an average annual GDP growth of 8 percent over the next four years and its inflation to reduce to 10 percent. Moreover, the tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is also anticipated to reach 11 percent, government debt-to-GDP ratio decline to 35 percent, export and import trade valued at 20 billion USD, foreign direct investment reaching 8 billion USD, and foreign exchange reserves exceeding 10 billion USD. These projections underscore the potential for significant economic transformation. Successful implementation of this comprehensive reform agenda is crucial for safeguarding Ethiopia's national interests and improving the lives of its citizens.        

The Ethiopian government is delivering humanitarian assistance to victims of devastating landslide that hit Kencho Shacha Gozdi Kebele of Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia Region. The landslide was caused by heavy rains in Gofa Zone on Sunday night, burying some residents. Sadly, another landslide hit the area on Monday morning, engulfing those people who gathered for search-and-rescue operations. The incident has claimed 226 lives, according to Disaster Risk Management Commission. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed announced the deployment of a federal disaster prevention task force to Gozdi Kebele on July 23 to facilitate rescue operation and emergency assistance provisions to the affected community. Following the premier's announcement, various government bodies have mobilized resources to provide immediate relief and support to the affected communities. Disaster Risk Management Commission (DRMC) in a statement sent to ENA said that the humanitarian and rehabilitation activities are well underway, delivering assistance to the victims of landslide in Gozdi Kebele of Southern Ethiopia region as per the direction given by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. Ambassador Shiferaw Teklemariam Disaster Risk Management Commissioner recalled that the landslide disaster caused loss of lives and destruction of properties in Gozdi Kebele of Gofa Zone. The federal taskforce, comprising high ranking government officials from various ministries and institutions, has been deployed to the Gozdi Kebele to identify critical issues and the necessary humanitarian assistance in the area, the commissioner said. While the lifesaving operations still continue, the number of persons who died as a result of the landslide has so far reached 226, he revealed. He added that in parallel to the provision of humanitarian support, efforts are in place to rehabilitate the victims in an orderly manner based on study, he indicated. Accordingly, 600 people have been relocated from the area hit by the landslide, where altogether 6,000 vulnerable people have been identified for relocation, he pointed out. The humanitarian support has been intensified by federal and regional states as well as various institutions, and the citizens at large. The commissioner further said other humanitarian partners have also been extending food and non-food assistance through the UNOCHA. Earlier today, the Addis Ababa City Administration also provided relief assistance to the victims of Geze-Gofa district. Mayor of Addis Ababa city Adanech Abiebie announced yesterday, "We have dispatched over 45 million Birr in cash and humanitarian emergency items to assist the landslide victims in the Geze Gofa woreda." Meanwhile, Kasech Elias, Head of the Southern Ethiopia Region’s Women and Children's Bureau, reported that the bureau has delivered essential supplies to the site. "We have provided 750 liters of cooking oil, powdered milk, and clothing for 100 infants, sanitary pads for women, and other forms of support. The Southern Command of the National Defense Force has also made a contribution to the relief efforts. Major General Admasu Alemu, Deputy Commander for Operations, visited the affected area and oversaw the delivery of 40 quintals of biscuits and 5 quintals of sugar. Additionally, the Command has dispatched an ambulance and a team of medical professionals to provide emergency support. Ethio Telecom, in collaboration with the disaster prevention of Southern Ethiopia Region, has launched fundraising SMS 8091 to support the affected community. Deputy Chief Administrator of the Southern Ethiopia Region, Gebremeskel Chala, emphasized the government's commitment for sustainable recovery of affected community. "Beyond providing temporary humanitarian aid, the regional government has established a task force to assist the victims in rebuilding their life sustainably," he stated. Overall, the national emergency assistance provided to victims of landslide in Kencho Sacha kebele, of Gofa Zone showcases the concerted efforts of the federal, regional, and local authorities, as well as public enterprises and the general public. The incident underscored that local capacity should be enhanced for disaster response and recovery. As the rescue and relief operations persist, authorities are urging ongoing support and solidarity from all sectors of society to support the affected communities in Gofa Zone. Commissioner Shiferaw Teklemariam has extended appreciation for Ethiopians which have demonstrated solidarity in providing humanitarian assistance to the victims of the landslide. Towards addressing the problem sustainably, he urged fellow Ethiopians to continue their support.

A Walk Through the New Addis Ababa By Mihretu Mollalign Addis Ababa stands at a precipice. The city vibrates with potential, yet traffic gridlock, limited green spaces, and underdeveloped areas stifle its progress. The corridor development project emerges as a bold vision for transformation, an opportunity to unleash the city's true potential. The government has set its sights on revitalizing Ethiopia's bustling capital city. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s signature project, the Addis Ababa Corridor Development, is a multi-faceted initiative aimed at transforming the city's landscape and resident conformity. It is crystal clear that Addis Ababa boasts a rich history that began as a humble mineral spring resort in 1886. Transformed into "New Flower" just a few years later, it quickly blossomed into the bustling heart of the nation. This historical sketch traces its fascinating journey, from its early days as a political center to its current role as a diplomatic hub and headquarters of the African Union. The once-sparse settlement bloomed into a bustling center. Drawn by the promise of opportunity, nobles built grand residences, artisans established workshops, and foreign visitors flocked to its doors. The city's architecture mirrored this growth, transitioning from traditional huts to European-influenced stone houses commissioned by a mushrooming middle class. The early 20th century witnessed an economic boom fueled by Ethiopia's flourishing coffee trade. This newfound wealth fueled a wave of modernization. Paved roads snaked through the city, automobiles replaced horse-drawn carriages, and banks emerged to handle the growing financial activity. Addis Ababa was no longer just a political center; it was becoming a commercial and cultural powerhouse as well. Today, Addis Ababa stands tall as a diplomatic hub and the headquarters of the African Union. Skyscrapers pierce the sky, a testament to its economic might. Its story is one of constant transformation, a testament to a nation's unwavering spirit and its enduring desire to bloom anew. It is undergoing a significant transformation. While few politicians may have their own agendas, many residents are embracing the city administration's "corridor development" project, which focuses on improving aesthetics and implementing highway standards. This change is evident throughout the city. While I was walking from Addis Ababa Technical College to the National Theater, I met Belayneh Desta, 73, enjoying a rest on a newly built pedestrian bench. He expressed his delight at the changes. "Just a few years ago, walking through these roads was unthinkable," he said, his face beaming. "Now, I can comfortably walk all the way from the Mekanissa to Mexico." Belayneh, who has lived in Addis Ababa since his childhood, spoke of the past challenges. "The old roads were not only narrow but had no enough lights and unsafe for pedestrians, even though most people in Addis rely on walking," he explained. "The new design promotes equality. Cars have their highways, and pedestrians have designated walkways with benches to take rest in the meantime." The project extends beyond functionality. "It's making Addis Ababa beautiful and a city that meets international standards," Belayneh continued, "The narrow roads are gone, replaced with wider spaces and greenery." While there may be some temporary inconveniences during construction, most residents recognize the long-term value of the corridor project. The rapid dismantling and rebuilding process further underscores its efficiency. In fact, the premier announced the successful completion of some of the corridors including Piassa and Arat Kilo routes hitting the ambitious three-month deadline. As promised, this achievement reflects the government's commitment to on-site progress updates. "Efficiency remains paramount," the premier emphasized. "We must be swift and innovative to maintain momentum in the remaining corridors". According to the PM, the top priorities remain ensuring quality and fostering a positive environment for all citizens. This project thrives on collaboration.” I am grateful for the public's goodwill, which reflects the dedication we've invested in planning and execution. We acknowledge any inconveniences this grand initiative may have caused’. Encompassing over an estimated 240 kilometers of road and related infrastructure development, the project boasts a wide range of features, according to available sources and some of these include over 48 kilometers of newly asphalted roads, four modern underground walkways, an extensive network of 96 kilometers of pedestrian walkways, 100 kilometers of designated bicycle routes, five kilometers of dedicated running tracks and 48 new bus and taxi terminals to streamline the city's transportation system. The project goes beyond just roads, incorporating elements to enhance residents' quality of life and some of these including 70 green centers and parks for recreation and relaxation, fountains and additional green spaces throughout the city, recreational centers, children's centers, and public plazas to foster community, 120 modern restrooms for improved sanitation, and a modern drainage system for better flood control. In other words, this initiative promises to significantly enhance the lives of residents, empower businesses, revolutionize city planning, cultivate a healthier environment, engine for economic progress and lay the foundation for future prosperity. Imagine stepping out your door to wider, cleaner streets traffic crawls no more, replaced by the smooth flow of buses and the gentle whir of bicycles. Parks and walkways beckon, inviting you to stroll or cycle through a revitalized Addis Ababa. This is the promise of the corridor development project, a transformative initiative shaping the future of the city. A modern infrastructure is the lifeblood of commerce with efficient traffic flow and improved public transport. This not only benefits businesses but creates a more attractive environment for investment, fostering economic growth and job creation. Addis Ababa is on the move. The corridor development project tackles neglected areas, breathing new life into them. Upgraded drainage systems, restored historical sites, and modern utilities paint a picture of a sustainable and vibrant city. This project is not just about aesthetics; it's about building a resilient and thriving capital for generations to come. Environmentalists are celebrating the project's focus on a healthier Addis Ababa. By prioritizing walking, cycling, and public transport, the initiative reduces reliance on cars, leading to a significant decrease in air pollution. Besides, modern drainage systems ensure responsible water management, protecting the city from flooding. Therefore, the project isn't just about a facelift; it's about building a resilient city for the future. Neglected areas are being revitalized with upgraded drainage systems, restored historical sites, and modern utilities. This promotes sustainability and creates a vibrant city center. Cleaner air, less congestion, the corridor development project promotes a healthier Addis Ababa. By prioritizing walking, cycling, and public transport, the initiative reduces reliance on cars, leading to a significant decrease in emissions. Modern drainage systems ensure responsible water management, protecting our city from flooding. Beyond aesthetics, the project recognizes the importance of a modern infrastructure for businesses. Improved traffic flow and public transport not only shorten commutes but also create a more efficient delivery network. This fosters economic growth by attracting investment and creating jobs. The road ahead requires open communication and social responsibility. Resettlement due to construction must be handled with care and support. But the challenges are outweighed by the immense benefits. The Addis Ababa corridor development project is a collective endeavor, a composition for a brighter future. The project acknowledges the need for open communication and social responsibility. Resettlement due to construction will be handled with care and support. While challenges exist, the immense benefits outweigh them. The corridor development project is a collective endeavor, a co-creation of a brighter future for Addis Ababa. In a nutshell, Addis Ababa's story is one of constant transformation. Today, the city is embracing an ambitious "corridor development" project that focuses on improving aesthetics, creating wider roads, and incorporating green spaces. Residents like Belayneh Desta are enjoying the benefits of this project, with safer pedestrian walkways, a more pleasing landscape, and a city that meets international standards. While there may be temporary inconveniences, most residents recognize the long-term value of the project. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has emphasized the importance of quality and collaboration, underscoring the government's commitment to transforming the city into a more beautiful, attractive, and livable space for all. The road ahead won't be without its bumps. There will be adjustments to make and challenges to overcome. But by working together, residents, businesses, planners, and environmentalists can all play a part in shaping a brighter future for Addis Ababa. The project is not just a construction initiative; it's a collective endeavor to build a modern, sustainable, and prosperous city for all. Let's embrace the promise of a transformed city where clean streets hum with activity, green spaces flourish, and opportunity thrives. Indeed, the government’s vision for Addis Ababa extends beyond this project. The "Green Legacy" initiative, a nationwide tree-planting campaign, contributes to a greener city. This multi-pronged approach paints a picture of a modern, sustainable, and prosperous capital city.

By Haile Henok Tadele Ethiopia's tumultuous past, characterized by human rights transgressions, has left an indelible mark on the nation's collective consciousness. Those who have hitherto assumed political power condemns and punishes others by shifting the blame on others it considered as transgressors. Such approach will never promote the prevalence of justice. It would only produce regrets, and escalation of revenge. This is the major reason why a vicious circle of the desire for vengeance, revenge and unforgiving have prevailed in the country. The implementation of a transitional justice is therefore a viable strategy to break the dichotomy between the transgressors and the victims. As the country ushers in an era of democratic reforms and national reconciliation, the implementation of a comprehensive transitional justice framework emerges as a cornerstone for achieving sustainable transformation and long-term economic prosperity. Belayhun Yirga, Ethiopia's State Minister of Justice, affirmed the government's dedication to an impartial and professional transitional justice process, eschewing any intervention that might compromise its integrity. This approach encompasses a spectrum of judicial and non-judicial measures designed to address the legacy of past atrocities and human rights violations, aiming to ensure accountability, provide redress for victims, foster reconciliation, and establish the foundations for a more equitable, peaceful, and prosperous society. Previous attempts to resolve human rights violations, conflicts, and abuses in Ethiopia have fallen short, failing to implement universal transitional justice principles based on truth, reconciliation, mercy, and justice. Recognizing this shortcoming, a new Transitional Justice Policy has been developed to manage and implement the process in a cohesive, integrated, and effective manner at the national level. A multidisciplinary panel of ten highly qualified experts from academia, the legal profession, and other relevant fields has been assembled to craft this policy. The State Minister revealed that this independent taskforce has conducted over 60 public workshops and consultations nationwide, culminating in a comprehensive "green paper" policy framework endorsed by the council of ministers. The objective was to devise a policy grounded in Ethiopia's realities by involving all stakeholders, including victims, women's groups, civil society organizations, regional states, the federal government, and the general public. Central to Ethiopia's transitional justice journey is the establishment of a truth-seeking process, such as a truth and reconciliation commission. This systematic investigation aims to illuminate past human rights abuses, identify perpetrators, and uncover the circumstances surrounding these atrocities. By acknowledging victims' suffering and confronting the nation's history, this process can foster a shared understanding and pave the way for accountability and justice. The government seeks to pursue transitional justice through a reconciliation process tailored to Ethiopia's unique context. While drawing on global best practices, the State Minister emphasized the need for a reconciliation process fundamentally rooted in Ethiopia's diverse regional and communal situations. As part of the policy implementation, several institutions will be established, including a truth and reconciliation commission, special attorney general's office, and dedicated courts. A comprehensive transitional justice framework must prioritize a robust system of reparations and victim support, potentially involving compensation, rehabilitation services, and symbolic gestures such as official apologies or memorials. By addressing victims' needs and restoring their dignity, these measures can contribute to healing, reconciliation, and societal cohesion – vital prerequisites for sustainable economic development. Sustainable transition and economic growth in Ethiopia necessitate reforming key institutions. This may involve vetting public officials, implementing human rights training, and establishing independent oversight mechanisms. Such reforms can prevent future human rights abuses, rebuild public trust in democratic institutions, and create a stable, predictable environment conducive to investment and business growth. In addition to formal mechanisms, Ethiopia will strive to explore community-based approaches to reconciliation, leveraging traditional conflict resolution systems and creating platforms for inter-community dialogue. By fostering grassroots reconciliation and empowering marginalized groups, these initiatives can complement top-down processes, contributing to national healing and unlocking the full potential of Ethiopia's human capital for inclusive economic development. A draft roadmap delineating detailed activities for the policy's implementation phase has been prepared. Key elements under consideration include accountability mechanisms, procedures to investigate abuses, provisions for amnesty and reparations, institutional reforms, incorporation of customary justice systems, and clear delineation of federal-regional state roles. The government aspires for this reconciliation process to foster lasting peace, accountability, and healing in Ethiopia. "By establishing a robust accountability system, we aim to deliver a genuine sense of justice to aggrieved parties," the State Minister affirmed. As Ethiopia stands at this critical juncture, the international community, civil society, and the Ethiopian people must collaborate to ensure an inclusive, transparent, and victim-centric transitional justice process. Only through such concerted efforts can the country progress towards a future marked by justice, reconciliation, enduring stability, and shared prosperity.  

Under the visionary leadership of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, the Ethiopian government has embarked on a strategic mission to address the country's longstanding humanitarian challenges and steer the nation towards self-sufficiency. This transformative approach aims to empower Ethiopia to meet its own needs, reduce reliance on external aid, and ultimately, achieve sustainable development. Prime Minister Abiy has repeatedly emphasized the importance of this shift, stating, "To attain true freedom, we must enhance productivity. We have a wonderful country with enough water, enough land, and more than enough youth population. Freedom becomes meaningless unless we free ourselves from the shackles of dependency." One of the key priorities for the Ethiopian government is to tackle the critical issue of food insecurity and hunger. The Prime Minister has placed a strong emphasis on modernizing the agricultural sector, improving crop yields, and diversifying the country's food production. This includes investments in irrigation infrastructure, the promotion of climate-smart farming practices, and the expansion of agricultural extension services to support smallholder farmers. The government's commitment to agricultural development is evident in initiatives such as the 'Bounty of the Basket' (Ye Lemat Tirufat) program. According to PM Abiy, "In the past Ethiopian calendar year, milk production, poultry and meat production rates have marked good results as per the plan." He also highlighted successes in honey production, stating, "Through our 'Bounty of the Basket' initiative launched last year, we have managed to increase honey productivity to around 98,000 tons per year through modern methods." In addition to strengthening food security, the government is taking proactive steps to enhance the nation's resilience to natural disasters, such as floods and droughts. This involves reinforcing early warning systems, improving disaster preparedness and response mechanisms, and implementing comprehensive disaster risk management strategies. By mitigating the impact of these calamities, Ethiopia aims to reduce the need for emergency humanitarian assistance and foster a more self-reliant approach to crisis management. Furthermore, the government is working to address the root causes of dependency on external aid. This includes concerted efforts to improve domestic resource mobilization, promote local entrepreneurship, and diversify the country's economic base. The ultimate goal is to reduce Ethiopia's reliance on foreign aid and instead, harness the nation's own resources and human capital to drive sustainable development. Prime Minister Abiy has vowed to "make Ethiopia Africa's Beacon of prosperity and unity by freeing the country from economic dependence." He emphasized that while "Ethiopia has repeatedly fought for its independence and it is a country that has thwarted all attempts of external aggressions," the nation "has not realized economic development and freed from dependence in this regard. Thus, the East African nation should strive to extricate itself from economic dependence." Over the past two weeks, higher officials of the government have held a series of public discussions with the wider public. These discussions have centered on the nation's concerted efforts to avoid aid dependency and further strengthen its path towards self-sufficiency. During these dialogues, senior government representatives emphasized the need for a paradigm shift in the country's approach to development. Government Chief Whip Tesfaye Beljige stated that "efforts are underway to build a strong stance that enables the country to handle crises on its own by breaking free from aid dependency mindset during the years of reform." Agriculture Minister Girma Amente pointed out that "climate change, natural disasters, and vicious cycles of conflict have been the major reasons for relying on aid. In this respect, the belief that provision of aid is a better alternative has played a role in perpetuating the dependency mindset." The public has responded positively to these discussions, expressing a shared sense of responsibility and a desire to work alongside the government to build a more self-reliant Ethiopia. Participants have highlighted the importance of strengthening local production, promoting entrepreneurship, and investing in community-based resilience initiatives. By prioritizing self-sufficiency, the Ethiopian government under Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed is positioning the country to take greater control of its own future. Through targeted investments, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and a renewed commitment to self-reliance, Ethiopia is poised to overcome its humanitarian challenges and reduce its dependency on external aid. While fostering the proper utilization of national resources to mitigate economic challenges and improve the livelihood of citizen is the center of Ethiopia’s development path, international cooperation would also be instrumental to scaling up the national effort to further sustain country’s prosperity. As Prime Minister Abiy concluded, "Our cluster farming approach is testament to what we can achieve in unity for food security and national development." This transformative journey towards self-reliance will not only enhance the nation's resilience but also empower its people to shape their own development pathway, ushering in a more prosperous and self-sufficient future for the country.  

BY GIRMA MIRGISA Eight years have elapsed since the author has traveled to Wollega, a place in western Ethiopia, Oromia regional state. With tantalizing natural beauty carpeted with greenery and colorful natural wild flowers, Wollega is the most fertile land that gives all kinds of products enough to feed million. The writer recalls the breathtaking lush green fields and panoramic landscape which would certainly captivate the eyes of a visitor or a person on duty to the Wollega. Wollega boasts its diverse landscape, fertile farmland with various types of crops, expansive forested areas, and undulating hills and a range of mountains. Endowed with exotic flora and fauna, the area is listed as one of the sources of forest and cultivated coffee, spices, honey and abundant livestock resources. Wollega has vast mineral resources including gold, platinum, iron ore, coal, granite and marble. With their smiling faces and welcoming gestures, the people of Wollega Zones are well known for their incredible hospitality, generosity and spirit of peace and friendships. Agriculture is the mainstay of the local economy, with crops such as teff, maize, sorghum, and coffee as the main cash crop major products. If you happen to travel to Wollega, you would certainly be invited to dine on traditional foods like Chumbo, Anchote and a host of other fresh food stuffs that fill your mouth with saliva. However, over the last few years, Wollega has experienced devastative security problems that prevailed both in the rural and urban settings of the zones. These security problems caused a sort of insecurity among those who travel to the area on business and other activities they wish to accomplish in the zones. Moreover, a number of development programs and projects launched by the federal and Oromia Regional governments were stalled due to security problems that also resulted in the delay of projects planned for the development of the zones in Wollega. The government and the people of the areas have been exerting efforts to bring peace. Now things are improving with a restoration of peace and tranquility in the zones in Wollega, development programs launched by the federal and Oromia regional Governments were reinvigorated while farmers in the zone have started to cultivate their lands exploiting the favorable rainfall in the area. Once again business in the zone is flourishing with improvements in safety on transport networks. Students are back to school and getting ready for final exams while local merchants are busy transporting various types of commodities badly needed by the population in the zones. Recently, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed addressed a huge rally staged by residents of Wollega drawn from four zones in Nekemte where he told them the government will remain committed to addressing the various development and social needs of the population in the zones. The residents on their part expressed their strong support for the multifaceted efforts that are being undertaken by the government. Last week, a delegation led by Oromia Region Agriculture Bureau, Head Getu Gemechu conducted a working visit to various agricultural development activities being carried out in the East Wollega, West Wollega and Qellem Wollega Zones. I have joined a team of journalists who were deployed to the zone to cover the multi-sector development programs. As we arrived at each zone officials and representatives of farmers in the zones offered us a warm welcome. The hospitality and warm welcome accorded to the officials and our team is typical of the population in the areas we visited and shows the extent to which peace and friendship has become a cultural heritage of the people which had transcended from generation to generation. Over the course of one week, the writer was able to cruise through a cluster of maize, coffee, avocado, pig breeding and fattening farms and other agricultural development activities across the zones. The writer of this article has noticed the commitment, tenacity, diligence and enthusiasm that the farmers have shown in improving their production and productivity in the various areas of cluster farming at this critical period of farming season in the respective zones. They have been implementing cluster farming on various crops including maize, coffee, barely and others. Cluster farming involves grouping small-scale farmers together to create economies of scale, coordinate production, and share resources and infrastructure. This model was identified as a means to enhance the productivity, efficiency, and market access to smallholder farmers in Wollega. Therefore, the cluster farming approach in Wollega represents an attempt to leverage the benefits of collective action and economies of scale to support smallholder agricultural development in the zones. The government has been intensively introducing various initiatives to enhance agricultural productivity with a view of ensuring food self-sufficiency and import substitution. These initiatives have also brought significant changes in the production of various fruits such as avocado, bananas and papaya in the zones visited by the author and other zones in Oromia Regional State. The technical and administrative support provided to the cluster farmers by agricultural experts in the zones have immensely contributed to the enhancement of agricultural production and productivity. The author had the chance to talk with farmers, regional and zonal officials, each with a unique story to tell about the challenges they had faced and the successes they have registered in the agriculture sector. For instance, recently, avocado has become an important cash crop for smallholder farmers in the Wollega, contributing to increased income generation and export earnings for Ethiopia. Jirenya Abera is one of many farmers who are benefiting from avocado production in the East Wollega Zone. He said “I have been engaged in avocado production over the past four years as the government has paid attention to transform the sector.” Now he has been able to own 380 avocados and 250 coffee trees and he is expecting a bumper harvest very soon. He is planning to export the products to other countries. Farmers in the region are aware of the economic advantages of avocado; as the result production of the fruit has been rising steadily. The farmers in Wollega who talked to the writer are not simply growing crops; they are producing coffee seedlings, honey production and are engaged in pig farming. Coffee is a major economic and cultural pace setter in the zones the author has visited. These agricultural activities have supported the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of farmers. Coffee plants thrive in the highlands and mountainous terrains of Wollega where smallholder farmers cultivate both Arabica and Robusta coffee varieties. The coffee industry remains a vital part of Wollega's economy and cultural identity and provides livelihood opportunities for millions while also shaping the area’s unique cultural traditions also being a major export commodity at the global market from the region. Traditional, shade-grown coffee farming methods are commonly practiced, intercropping coffee plants with other crops and trees. Over the years scaling up coffee production in Ethiopia has been a pivotal focus with the objective of enhancing the competitiveness and quality production of the country's coffee sector. It is also critical to improve the productivity and quality of Ethiopian coffee, ultimately benefiting the livelihoods of millions of smallholder farmers. Oromia Regional Agriculture Bureau Head Getu Gemechu said Wollega has immense untapped agricultural potential given its favorable natural endowments. Various initiatives are being implemented to improve the livelihood of farmers by carrying out agricultural development activities across the zones in Wollega and other zones in the Oromia region. The author reports that throughout his stay in the zones in the Wollega area, I was thrilled by the commitment and unshakable resilience of the farmers. The writer of this article was able to closely observe efforts underway by the farmers in the zones to improve their livelihood and play an active role in transforming the agriculture sector. It is important to provide agriculture imputes for farmers on time including fertilizers and improving seeds. By simultaneously addressing these multiple agricultural activities, smallholder farmers in Wollega need to be further empowered to become more productive, profitable, and integrated into lucrative agricultural value chains. Some global commercial media outlets and social media houses have always been busy misinforming the local and international community and politicizing the situation in the zones in Wollega. Despite the shortfalls and challenges the zones have faced, the farmers in the region are emerging victorious as the result of the peace and stability that has been restoring in the areas visited by the author. It is inappropriate to commercialize the plight of the people in the region while it is possible to document the reality on the ground. The people in the four zones of Wollega are striving for prosperity while as the same time addressing the challenges of instability in the areas. ‘Wollega is the Land of Peace and Greenery.’      

By Haile Henok Tadele In the ever-evolving landscape of global security, Ethiopia stands out as a beacon of peace and stability. With a rich history of peacekeeping deployments dating back to the Korean War in 1951, the country has cemented its role as a trusted partner in the United Nations' efforts to maintain international peace and security. As the leading contributor of peacekeeping forces globally, Ethiopia has deployed its soldiers to conflict-torn regions across Africa and beyond. From the scorching deserts of Darfur to the lush plains of South Sudan, members of the Ethiopian defense Force peacekeepers have not only upheld their duty to protect civilians and restore stability, but have also made tangible improvements to local communities. Through their tireless efforts, members of the Ethiopian Defense Forces have built schools, health clinics, and critical infrastructure, transforming the lives of those affected by conflict. Their unwavering commitment to serving the greater good has earned them widespread international acclaim, with the United Nations, the United States, Canada, and various military attachés lauding Ethiopia's invaluable contribution to maintaining peace and security around the world. In 2022, three Ethiopian peacekeepers were posthumously honored at the International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers ceremony, awarded the prestigious Dag Hammarskjöld Medal for making the ultimate sacrifice while serving under the UN flag. This recognition underscores the Ethiopia's National Defense Force longstanding history of participating in UN peacekeeping missions, a legacy that spans decades. Achievements Ethiopia's first deployment of troops to the Korean Peninsula in 1951 marked a pivotal moment, not only in the country's peacekeeping history but also in the trajectory of South Korea's remarkable economic transformation. The presence and dedication of the Ethiopian peacekeepers, who fought alongside their UN counterparts, played a crucial role in maintaining the fragile armistice and providing the necessary stability for South Korea to begin its journey towards economic prosperity. The ENDF's involvement in Somalia's peacekeeping efforts has been equally significant. Since the early 1990s, the ENDF has been a consistent presence in the country, contributing to the stabilization of the region and the restoration of the Somali government's authority. Through their tireless efforts, the ENDF has been instrumental in securing key infrastructure, facilitating humanitarian aid delivery, and training local security forces, laying the groundwork for Somalia's gradual recovery. The ENDF's peacekeeping role was also pivotal in Liberia's journey towards stability and prosperity. During the country's civil war, the ENDF deployed troops to support the UN peacekeeping mission, playing a vital role in disarming combatants, securing key locations, and facilitating the transition to a democratically elected government. The ENDF's steadfast commitment and professionalism contributed to the establishment of lasting peace, paving the way for Liberia's remarkable economic and social progress in the years that followed. Furthermore, the ENDF's presence in Rwanda during the country's darkest hour was a testament to its unyielding dedication to global peace. Amid the horrific genocide, the ENDF's contingent worked tirelessly to protect civilians, provide humanitarian aid, and support the efforts to bring normalcy. The ENDF's actions during this period were instrumental in laying the groundwork for Rwanda's remarkable recovery and transformation into the thriving, peaceful nation it is today. International Acclaim From the scorching deserts of Darfur to the Korean peninsula, the blue helmets of Ethiopia's peacekeepers have become a symbol of hope and security. As the world grapples with complex conflicts, the international community continues to recognize Ethiopia's steadfast commitment to global peace and stability, setting an inspiring example for others to follow. The success of Ethiopia's peacekeeping operations has not gone unnoticed by the international community. The United States has repeatedly expressed gratitude for the role the Ethiopian National Defense Force plays in regional stability. Canada has also commended Ethiopia's remarkable work in empowering and enhancing the participation of women in peacekeeping missions, with Larisa Galadza, the Peace and Stabilization Director-General of Global Affairs Canada, lauding the country's leadership in gender equality as Ethiopia has also notably made strides in promoting gender parity within its peacekeeping contingents. In 2016, the country reached 16% women's participation, surpassing the UN's target of 20% by 2020. This inclusive approach enhances the peacekeepers' ability to connect with local communities and address the unique needs of women and children. Furthermore, the United Nations has described Ethiopia as one of its "strongest partners" in peacekeeping, with the UN Under-Secretary-General Jean-Pierre Lacroix recognizing the country's invaluable contribution. The success of the Ethiopian peacekeeping mission in the disputed region of Abyei has also been celebrated, with the mission receiving a medal reward from the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA). Commitment to International Peace Ethiopia's steadfast commitment to global peacekeeping, combined with its impressive track record of success and the international recognition it has received, is a testament to the country's dedication to promoting stability and security around the world. As the country continues to play a vital role in UN and AU peacekeeping missions, its legacy as a beacon of peace will undoubtedly inspire generations to come. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has reaffirmed Ethiopia's commitment to this noble cause, stating that the Ethiopian army has sacrificed life and limb to protect the peace of all peoples, and that the country's defense forces are "symbols of peace wherever they go." Today, Ethiopia stands as the top contributor of peacekeeping forces globally, with over 8,300 uniformed personnel serving in various missions. This remarkable achievement underscores the nation's profound belief in the transformative power of peace and stability, and its unwavering dedication to fostering a more just and peaceful world.

By Henok Tadele Haile As the vibrant heart of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa holds a unique significance, not just for its residents, but also for the international community that calls this city home. Recognizing its importance as the political capital of Africa and a hub for influential global organizations, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has embarked on a transformative journey to elevate Addis Ababa's status and enhance the quality of life for all who inhabit this dynamic metropolis. Over the past few years, the city has undergone a remarkable metamorphosis, with the creation of world-class parks, museums, and other amenities that have bolstered Ethiopia's tourism sector and made Addis Ababa an increasingly attractive destination for visitors. From the breathtaking Unity Park to the captivating Entoto Park and Friendship Park, these new landmarks have not only added to the city's allure, but have also served to improve the living conditions of its residents. Now, Prime Minister Abiy has set his sights on an equally ambitious goal: revolutionizing the city's public sanitation infrastructure. Launching the "Clean Streets and Healthy Livelihood" campaign, the Prime Minister has called upon all Ethiopians to join hands in building cities that prioritize cleanliness and inclusivity, recognizing the critical importance of collective effort in achieving this vision. One of the objectives of the PM’s initiative is to build modern public toilets in the identified corridors to enhancing accessibility and fostering cleanliness within urban landscape. This initiative also strives to elevate hygiene standards across our city and nation by promoting a culture of dignified toilet usage and raising awareness about cleanliness. At the heart of this initiative is the construction of modern, hygienic, and accessible public restroom facilities across Addis Ababa's urban areas. For decades, the city has grappled with a lack of standardized public sanitation services, leading many residents to resort to unsanitary alternatives. The Prime Minister's plan aims to address this pressing issue, not only improving public health and reducing the spread of waterborne diseases, but also creating employment opportunities and fostering a sense of dignity for those in need. To ensure the sustainability and success of this project, the government has launched a digital telethon, seeking both cash and in-kind contributions from the general public, individual donors, and institutions. This telethon, scheduled for a ten-hour period on Sunday, May 12th, 2024, has been aptly named "Clean Streets - Healthy Lives," underscoring the interconnectedness of urban cleanliness and the well-being of the community. The plan is to raise 50 million Birr in a 10hr period digital telethon challenge. As Prime Minister Abiy has eloquently stated, "We are colorful when we come together for a collective cause." Indeed, the resounding success of this telethon will not only showcase the power of unity and mutual concern, but also serve as a testament to the Ethiopian people's unwavering commitment to creating cities that cater to the needs of all. The campaign is a great opportunity to engage all Ethiopians including the diaspora and members of the international community based in Addis Ababa as well as friends of Ethiopia, and others have the chance to contribute individually or in groups to this magnificent objective which aims at enhancing public sanitation services. Through this ambitious initiative, Prime Minister Abiy's vision for a cleaner, greener, and more inclusive Addis Ababa is taking shape. By harnessing the collective efforts of the government, the private sector, and the public, the city is poised to become a model of sustainable urban development, setting a precedent for cities across Ethiopia and the African continent. As we rally behind this cause, we bear witness to the transformative power of community-driven change, paving the way for a brighter, more prosperous future for Addis Ababa and its people.  

BY SOLOMON DIBABA The Agreement on Permanent Cessation of Hostilities was signed on 2 November, 2022 between the Federal Government of Ethiopia and the TPLF in Pretoria, South Africa. The peace talks mediated by the AU, was attended by international observers such as UN and paved the way for a lasting peace in northern part of Ethiopia. Even before the signing of the agreement, the Ethiopian Government had been providing the lion’s share of relief supplies to the citizens affected by the war and has been cooperating with international partners and UN systems to facilitate the supply of relief food to the needy people of Tigray. The Pretoria Peace Agreement has enhanced a new culture of putting an end to conflicts by soliciting political solutions through round table discussions. This bold move amplifies the importance of a mature and resolute decision of the federal government of Ethiopia to prevent future generations from inheriting a legacy of winners and losers characterized by animosity and grudges. Through peace agreement, the two parties agreed to halt the bloody and unnecessary conflict. The Ethiopian Government has established an environment conducive to unhindered delivery of humanitarian aid to Tigray. Following the signing of the peace agreement, the government surpassed its obligations stipulated in the accord and implemented series of measures deemed necessary to cultivate trust and sustainable peace in the northern part of the country. The government has also been diligently working towards repairing and reinstating damaged infrastructure facilities and services. Considerable financial resources have been allocated by the government to reinstate economic activities in the Tigray region. Given the substantial dividend of peace, the government has carried out activities beyond expectations to heal the wounds inflicted by the conflict. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the Ethiopian Government took remarkable swift action in restoring the infrastructure facilities that were damaged by the conflict by opening up road transport to Tigray as a major prerequisite for fast-tracking relief and rehabilitation supplies as well as restarting social services like hospitals, health centers and clinics and schools as well as telephone and network services. The government also restored electric power supply in Tigray, Afar and Amhara regions by deploying professionals who accomplished their duties in a relatively shorter period of time. Major airports in Tigray region were rehabilitated and air transport resumed operations enabling citizens to reunite with their families who had been separated for two years. With regard to costs of the maintenance of airports in Tigray, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed told members of the House of People’s Representatives (HPR) earlier this year that over half billion Birr of expenditure was made for the resumption of the air transport to Shire, Mekele and Axum. The air transport at least helped people with chronic diseases to fly to Addis and get medical treatment. Moreover, Ethio telecom also repaired over 1000 kms of optical fiber and 475 mobile sites while repairing over 20,000 landline telephones, it was learnt. Furthermore, the National Bank Ethiopian provided 10 billion Birr liquidity, enabling some 600 bank branches to start services. Almost all universities in Tigray regional state have resumed their duties. Similarly, health care institutions are now providing health services. Through a special procurement, the federal government has imported 500 tractors and over 300 pumps to improve agriculture in Tigray. About 630,000 hectares of land was also cultivated in the region last crop season with support of agricultural inputs support such as tractors, select seed, fertilizer and pumps by the Ministry of Agriculture and other regional states. Moreover, major public and private banks were reopened to provide financial services which were totally closed during the war which lasted for two years. This has helped to reinvigorate business activities that have totally collapsed in the advent of the devastative war. The aforementioned results are just a few of the achievements carried out by the federal government as part of its duties to the Pretoria Peace Agreement, creating confidence with TPLF. However, the other party has reciprocated little. For instance, former combatants of TPLF have not been demobilized, to the contrary, there are visible deployment and mobilizations of armed forces for fresh conflicts that everyone can see, claiming they will seize disputed areas of former settlements. This is in stark violation of the Pretoria Peace Agreement. The peace agreement underscores that disputed areas should be resolved constitutionally, not through force. Hence, to fully implement the peace agreement, the other signatory must reciprocate its duties in the same manner and commitment demonstrated by the federal government: it needs to demobilize its forces, cease provocation to control disputed areas by force. It is only the federal government which should have military might and capability. States are prohibited from maintaining armed and organized forces beyond the police and militia required for law enforcement at the state level; they should not exceed this limit. Hence, the disarmament process and associated procedures must be expeditiously implemented in accordance with the plan charted out by the Rehabilitation Commission. Efforts to resettle those displaced by the war must be accelerated, but IDPs should be returned to their settlements as civilians, not with arms. The issue of administrative border demarcation should be addressed constitutionally, not by resorting to military means. The people of Tigray have greater expectations for the implementation of the peace agreement because much of their current and future aspirations depend upon the full implementation of the Agreement for which the government has paid special attention. The AU and international community are fully backing the timely implementation of this agreement which is of crucial importance for both the national peace and security as well as the stability of the Horn of Africa. Failing to learn from past mistakes is more problematic than committing the mistakes in the beginning. Without drawing lessons from our past mistakes, it will be difficult to whole heartedly collaborate with those who wish to perpetuate the problems we face today. Thus, sustaining the achievements so far registered by the federal government to accelerate the full implementation of the agreement seriously requires the other signatory to contribute its part in the peace process with no reservations and excuses as the terms of the Agreement entail legal accountability at all levels. All told, the federal government has gone a long way to fully implement the peace agreement. It is vehemently working for durable peace and stability, upholding the rule of law. Hence, the National Dialogue is under implementation to resolve differences of opinion among citizens on fundamental issues and forge a national consensus and address Ethiopia’s backlogs of problems through extensive public discussions. The government has also put in place a Transitional Justice Policy Framework, anchored on the pillars of justice, accountability, reconciliation and redress past mistakes. Inevitably, Ethiopia’s prosperity will thrive on.

(By Henok H.)     On Sunday Ethiopian Christians will celebrate Easter, locally called Fasika. When Fasika finally arrives, the atmosphere across Ethiopia is electric with anticipation and jubilation. In the ancient and deeply spiritual land of Ethiopia, the faithful eagerly await the arrival of Fasika, or Easter, each year. This holiest of occasions, which commemorates the resurrection of Jesus Christ, holds profound cultural and religious significance for Ethiopians. It is a time when the entire nation collectively embraces the values of rebirth, forgiveness, and unity – virtues that lie at the very heart of the Fasika celebration. The weeks leading up to Fasika are marked by a solemn period of fasting and repentance known as the Lenten season. During Lent, believers often engage in acts of self-discipline, prayer, repentance, and fasting. The purpose is to reflect on one's spiritual life, seek forgiveness for sins, and draw closer to God. The Lenten season is seen as a time of spiritual purification and renewal before the celebration of Easter, which commemorates the resurrection of Jesus Christ. On top of that , for Ethiopians, Easter, is a celebration that resonates far beyond its religious significance. This holiest of occasions for Ethiopian Christians is a powerful catalyst for family gathering, togetherness, social cohesion, and resolving conflicts through open dialogue. As families and communities come together in joyous celebration, the spirit of Fasika offers a profound opportunity to foster healing, forgiveness, and reconciliation on both a personal and national level. As families come together to share meals, exchange gifts, and engage in communal prayers and hymns, they are reminded of the unbreakable bonds that transcend any temporary misunderstandings or grievances. The emphasis on forgiveness and letting go of grudges inspires individuals to address their differences, seek mutual understanding, and rebuild broken relationships, thereby promoting harmony and peace within the family unit. At the heart of the Fasika celebration lies a powerful message of forgiveness and reconciliation. It is a time when families and communities come together, setting aside past grievances and embracing one another with open arms. The act of sharing a communal meal, carries immense symbolic weight. As families and friends gather around a single platter, partaking in the same meal, they are reminded of the unbreakable bonds that transcend any temporary conflicts or misunderstandings. Promoting Family Gathering, Togetherness, and Conflict Resolution One of the most cherished traditions of Fasika (Ethiopian Easter) is the act of family gathering. Loved ones, whether living under the same roof or scattered across different regions, make a concerted effort to reunite and strengthen their familial bonds. The festival provides a conducive environment for resolving family conflicts and problems through open and honest discussions, guided by the principles of forgiveness and reconciliation that are central to the Fasika celebration. This spirit of forgiveness and unity is not limited to the personal sphere; it extends to the very fabric of Ethiopian society. Fasika serves as a poignant reminder of the importance of dialogue, understanding, and reconciliation on a national scale. The holiday's emphasis on setting aside differences and embracing one another as brothers and sisters resonates deeply with the Ethiopian people, who have endured their fair share of societal divisions and conflicts throughout history. Harnessing Fasika's Spirit for National Dialogue and Reconciliation Ethiopia has been engaged in several of activities aiming to bring a lasting peace and sustainable development in the country. Considering the fact that peace, coexistence and reconciliation are crucial for the overall national development, Ethiopians are now about to begin consultation with a view to create national consensus on common issues through an inclusive national dialogue. The establishment of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission represents a beacon of hope, aiming to promote inclusive dialogue, mediation, and national unity. The values embodied by the sacred Fasika celebration offer a powerful guiding force for the work of this Commission. Just as families and communities come together during Fasika to heal rifts and strengthen bonds, so too can the diverse groups of Ethiopia engage in open and honest dialogue, guided by the principles of forgiveness, empathy, and a shared commitment to the nation's well-being. By drawing upon the rich cultural and spiritual heritage of Fasika, Ethiopia can harness the transformative power of this ancient celebration to foster genuine reconciliation and unity among its people. The holiday's emphasis on rebirth and renewal can inspire a renewed commitment to addressing past injustices, cultivating mutual understanding, and building an inclusive society where all Ethiopians feel valued, respected, and empowered to contribute to the nation's growth and prosperity. The joyous sounds of Fasika celebrations echo across the country, serving as a resounding reminder of the resilience, faith, and unwavering spirit that has sustained the Ethiopian people through centuries of triumphs and challenges. It is a time when the nation comes together, not just to commemorate a pivotal moment in Christian history but also to reaffirm the enduring values of forgiveness, unity, and collective progress – virtues that lie at the heart of Fasika and can guide Ethiopia towards a more harmonious future. By embracing the essence of Ethiopian Easter (Fasika) and leveraging its rich cultural heritage, Ethiopia can forge a path towards genuine national reconciliation, where diverse groups engage in constructive dialogue, address historical grievances, and work together towards a shared vision of peace, prosperity, and unity in diversity. The dialogue that involves all segments of the society with a view to resolving centuries old predicaments that the country is facing, heal resentments and wounds caused during the heinous acts of previous political systems. In this regard, the government has been showing strong commitment to the successful conduct of the dialogue that aims at correcting major fault lines paving the way for creating consensus on basic national issues to the 120 million peoples. Moreover, the government has demonstrated that this nation is common home for the citizenry. To this effect, the government engaged leaders and members of other political parties into the state nomenclature, which is a new political departure in the history of Ethiopia.  

In addition to serving as Ethiopia's capital, Addis Ababa is significant to African politics and diplomacy. Along with the embassies of many nations throughout the world, the city is home to the headquarters of important international organizations like the African Union and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA). Recognizing the importance of Addis Ababa, not only for its residents but also for the international diplomatic community, the government has been dedicated to improving the city's livability for its millions of inhabitants and the staff of various international organizations. Through collaboration between the Addis Ababa city administration and the federal government, a series of measures have been undertaken to transform the city into a cutting-edge, smart metropolis. Over the past few years, Addis Ababa has undergone a remarkable transformation, thanks to the initiative led by Prime Minister Abiy to enhance the city's aesthetics. The efforts have borne fruit, with the creation of world-class parks and museums that have greatly supported the country's tourism sector. Notable achievements include Unity Park, Entoto Park, Friendship Park, the Science Museum, the National Palace Museum, and the Adwa Memorial Museum, which have added to the city's allure for both residents and visitors. In addition to these accomplishments, the government has intensified its collaboration with the private sector to further elevate Addis Ababa's status as the political capital of Africa and a hub for influential international organizations. One such project is the corridor development initiative, aimed at elevating the city’s stand global smart city standards. Rebuilding slum areas, renovating and improving infrastructure facilities such as integrated drainage systems and utilities, as well as expanding of roads to handle increased traffic, building roomy walkways for pedestrians, repairing historic buildings, and modernizing structures to conform to the city's aesthetic standards to improve the living conditions of citizens. As part of the city's continued development activities, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed recently announced another significant project. He has launched a campaign to revolutionize public sanitation infrastructure, envisioning modern, hygienic, and inclusive restroom facilities across urban areas. The campaign, named "Clean Streets and Healthy Livelihood," places community engagement at its core and aligns with a broader commitment to creating cities that cater to the needs of all citizens. Prime Minister Abiy has called upon Ethiopians to join hands in building cities that prioritize cleanliness and inclusivity, emphasizing the importance of collective effort. This campaign builds upon the Prime Minister's transformative endeavors during his six-year tenure, which have focused on improving urban environments and public amenities. The campaign dubbed “clean streets and healthy livelihood,” is closely linked to the beautification of Addis Ababa, the greening of the city, the road corridor development project, and the ongoing rehabilitation of infrastructure. “As we embark on this new initiative, I call upon all Ethiopians to contribute their share in creating cities that are conducive for everyone,” he posted on X. The campaign which could be launched in regional cities as well is closely connected to the beautification of Addis Ababa and greening the city along with road corridor development project and rehabilitation of infrastructures currently underway in the city. For many decades, Addis Ababa has lacked standardized public restrooms and sanitary services, often leading residents to resort to unsanitary alternatives in isolated corners. The project aims to provide the public with standardized restrooms and sanitation facilities and is financed through donations from the general public, individual donors, and institutions and companies that have enthusiastically embraced the Prime Minister's initiative. The project is expected to provide residents with access to public sanitation services in a more dignified manner, reducing the spread of waterborne diseases and related health hazards. Over time, it may also create employment opportunities for those in need and serve as a source of income generation for the unemployed. This project is also an integral part of the green legacy initiative, which contributes to various ecotourism projects and park developments that are already modernizing Addis Ababa's landscape. To ensure the sustainability of the project and create a vibrant and healthy environment for the public to enjoy the benefits of improved sanitation, it is essential to emphasize the importance of public participation and organized development. As efforts to secure funds for the project, a telethon has been launched last week by the premier. The fundraising activity can serve as a showcase for the significance of cooperation and mutual concern in improving the health and beautification of cities across the country. The general public and individual companies have been actively participating in the telethon.  

Of late, the National Intelligence and Security Council issued a statement, emphasizing the significance of the Transitional Justice Policy which the country has embarked on rectifying injustices inherited from past history. Ethiopia is a big country with a population of 120 million and with a diverse range of resources. Nonetheless, the country has not yet attained its aspiration as well as material progress due to its backward political system. It is unfortunate that Ethiopia’s stagnated political practice and divisive discourse has left fundamental issues of the country unanswered for centuries. As a result, Ethiopia has endured various transgressions, heinous activities and violation of basic human rights. Those in political authority have thus far disregarded the voices of others by placing the blame on the people they view as violators. A series of political systems have not only engulfed the country and its people into a miserable life but also caused serious hostilities and resentment among citizens. Authorities crushed those forces that made demands for change of course, resulting in that disputes were unsettled and transferred to posterity, weakening the statehood of Ethiopia. Such approaches have been dragging the nation for an endless bloodshed, fragmentation, and face the quagmire of poverty. As these backlogs of Ethiopia have caused protracted disputes, misunderstandings, and instability, the country should come up with a viable mechanism which could change the state of affairs. To this effect, the reformist government of Ethiopia has adopted a Transitional Justice Policy as a viable mechanism to heal the wounds of the victims and avoid resentment which has been the main causes to the instability and underdevelopment of the country. In this regard, the current government is striving to write a new history and reversing the centuries-old resentment and hostilities by implementing the Transitional Justice Policy. The transitional justice policy which is believed to contribute to sustainable peace, reconciliation and justice in Ethiopia has been developed through extensive consultations with pertinent stakeholders and incorporating international experiences with the objective to avoiding resentment by breaking the dichotomy between the transgressors and the victims. One of the bold steps and matured leadership of the Ethiopian government is its move to settle disputes through peaceful means. The Pretoria Peace Agreement is an unprecedented decision of the government. The peace deal ended the conflict in northern Ethiopia by fostering a culture settling disputes peacefully. This peace agreement signifies a mature and resolute decision to prevent future generations from inheriting a legacy of winners and losers characterized by animosity. By embracing this alternative approach, the nation managed to halt bloodshed and conflict. By signing of the peace agreement, the government went beyond its obligations stipulated in the accord and implemented a series of measures deemed necessary to cultivate trust and sustain peace. Considerable financial resources have been allocated by the government to facilitate financial and economic activities in the Tigray region. Given the substantial benefits of peace, the government has achieved beyond its obligations to heal the wounds inflicted by the conflict. However, this should be considered as a responsibility lies with the government and should not be misconstrued as an act of fear. In order to expedite the process, a National Rehabilitation Commission has been established. Hence, reconstruction and rehabilitation initiatives have commenced in the Amhara, Afar, and Tigray regions. The government has also established an environment conducive to the unhindered delivery of humanitarian aid to Amhara, Afar, and Tigray regions. Specifically, in compliance with the agreement, it is imperative that the TPLF militants and other armed groups must disarm to address the issues surrounding areas defined by claims of identity and administrative affairs. Efforts to restore peace and resettle those displaced by the war must be ended. Failing to learn from past mistakes is more detrimental than committing an initial error. Without drawing lessons from our past mistakes, it is incumbent upon us to collaborate in subduing those who persist in perpetuating the same problems we face today. We must heed the dire consequences of employing law enforcement without exercising patience, as evident in our recent history. As it is stipulated in the Pretoria Agreement and enshrined in our Constitution, regional states are prohibited from maintaining armed and organized forces beyond the police and militia required for law enforcement at the state level; they should not exceed this limit. Hence, the disarmament process and associated procedures must be expeditiously implemented in accordance with the Rehabilitation Commission's plan. In nutshell, the Transitional Justice policy gives utmost attention to ensure its inclusivity and independence as the overall preparation involved 60 consultation sessions with regional stakeholders and another 20 sessions at the national level to gather inputs to improve the contents of the policy document. The policy has been issued with the objective of laying out the system in which a transitional justice can be secured to bring forth sustainable peace, reconciliation, prevalence of law and order, justice and democracy. For its successful implementation, several instruments will be employed including criminal investigation, putting the culprits before the courts of law and investigating the truth, forgiveness, compensation and other possible means like introducing reforms in systems.    

In a statement the National Intelligence and Security Council of Ethiopia issued recently, it emphasized the imperatives of the processes of the National Dialogue and Transitional Justice Policy which the country has embarked on rectifying shortfalls inherited from past history. This article focuses on the highlights of national dialogue. The change of political power in Ethiopia in 2018 ushered in a great deal of democratic space for the people of the country. The incumbent government has been taking various series of measures to build strong and viable institutions vital for the transformation of the democratic system of the country. Right from the outset, the government underlined that aggressive socioeconomic and political transformation was imperative to take Ethiopia into a new heights. In its long history of statehood, Ethiopia lacked the experience of settling political differences, disagreements and conflicts in a legal and peaceful manner through discussions and dialogues, the statement recalled. Accordingly, amendments were made to existing laws and policies that were bottlenecks for the democratic system by engaging independent experts during the first two or three years of office. All these measures were made to expedite the nation building process by creating an enabling environment for the public and stakeholders’ wider engagement in all aspects of the country’s endeavors. The council noted that the country experienced rampant resentments and distrust perpetuated over the past several decades among the various sections of the society coupled with the interests of individuals and groups that operated in the name of political party, fueling different forms of conflict and instability in the country. This is mainly attributed to the weak democratic culture that the country experienced in its history in resolving political disputes, arguments, and conflicts through peaceful talks and dialogues. The political culture in our nation has been shaped by the ambitions of individuals who have taken over positions of authority through coercion and have continued to impose their will by having complete control over everything available to them until they are removed by force. In response to this challenging situation, the country has conducted extensive processes to hold the first ever inclusive national dialogue that involves all segments of the society with a view to resolving centuries old predicaments that the country is facing, heal resentments and wounds caused during the heinous acts of previous political systems. The reformist government has been reiterating its full support and commitment to the successful conduct of the inclusive dialogue that aims at correcting major fault lines paving the way for creating consensus on basic national issues to the 120 million peoples. The incumbent government has demonstrated the emergence of a new political culture through a national election that showed the desires of the people and formed a government that is based on the will of the peoples. Moreover, the government has demonstrated that this nation is common home for the citizenry. To this effect, the government engaged leaders and members of other political parties into the state nomenclature, which is a new political departure in the history of Ethiopia. Towards rectifying rampant mistakes inherited from the past, the government initiated the establishment of an independent National Dialogue Commission with 11 commissioners who have proven scholarly independence, impartiality and enthusiasm to see a peaceful, democratic and prosperous Ethiopia. The commissioners of the National Dialogue, who were appointed to serve their country, are of high caliber and rich experience. The law has empowered them with extensive power to conduct their duties of coordinating and conducting an inclusive national dialogue. They have now charted out extensive outlines on how the inclusive dialogue should be conducted by consulting pertinent stakeholders. Accordingly, the process of identifying candidates, who would participate in the national dialogue in 10 regional states and two city administrations and districts have been completed. Meticulous and painstaking tasks have been accomplished in this regard. It has also engaged communities at all levels. This strategy has considered the public who are the owners of the process as the epicenter of the entire deliberation.The process in the dialogue including the preparation of agendas was not done only from top to bottom but has also initiated idea generation for discussion and agendas were suggested to the higher bodies of the commission It is expected that the commission will commence dialogue in regional levels within few weeks. It is also expected to finalize identification of participants shortly in areas where identification of participants have not yet conducted. Thus far, some 12,294 participants have been identified from 679 districts, that would participate in the process, have already been identified.  

Addis Ababa, April 19/2024(ENA)- As Ethiopia assumed its membership in the esteemed BRICS alliance in January 2024, the country's active involvement in various BRICS meetings has begun to yield a multitude of benefits. From economic opportunities to technological advancement and global collaboration, Ethiopia's BRICS membership is proving to be a catalyst for growth and development. Ethiopia wasted no time in making its mark within the BRICS community, with its first-ever participation in a major BRICS meeting held in January 2024. This initial engagement focused on issues of common concern, allowing Ethiopia to contribute to the group's agenda and forge meaningful connections with fellow member nations. One of the key advantages of Ethiopia's BRICS membership lies in the technological sphere. BRICS nations are renowned for their advancements in technology and innovation. By joining BRICS, Ethiopia gains access to a vast pool of technological expertise, best practices, and collaborative opportunities. This strategic positioning empowers Ethiopia to strengthen its own technological capabilities and advance its digital transformation agenda. Ethiopia's commitment to information security has also been showcased through its active participation in the BRICS Working Group on Security in the Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). During the 10th meeting held in Moscow, Ethiopia emphasized the significance of international information security and the peaceful utilization of ICTs. The country stressed the need for close cooperation and coordination among BRICS member nations to proactively prevent cyber attacks, fostering a secure digital landscape. The recent meeting focused on 'Security in the use of Information and Communications Technologies' saw Ethiopia's enthusiastic engagement alongside all member countries. The Information Network Security Administration (INSA), Director General , Tigist Hamid who represented who represented Ethiopia at the forum, highlighted the nation's commitment to leveraging its abundant young talent for Ethiopia's journey to prosperity. Recognizing the importance of adapting to the rapidly changing information and technology ecosystem, she emphasized the need for swift adjustments to mitigate the growing global threat of cyber attacks. The issue of information security resonated strongly among BRICS member countries, who collectively recognized its significance. Tigist also called for continued emphasis on the topic, stressing the importance of cooperation and coordination among member nations. Strengthening resilience to cyber threats and fostering a secure global digital environment emerged as shared priorities within the BRICS community. The 10th BRICS Working Group Summit concluded on a high note, with member countries reaching a comprehensive agreement. This agreement encompassed various aspects of information communication security, including information exchange, joint prevention of cyber threats, capacity building programs, increased resilience to cyber attacks, and the sharing of best practices. The 10th BRICS Working Group meeting confirmed the mutual interest of all the participants of the group in strengthening cooperation among members. An important practical result of the work was the decision to establish a register of BRICS contact points for the exchange of information on computer attacks/incidents in the expanded membership. The partners received a positive response to the Russian proposals on strengthening the regulatory and legal framework for cooperation, as well as on launching a dialog through the scientific and academic community. During the event, the delegations agreed to continue close cooperation in all aspects at multilateral platforms. They reaffirmed their commitment to the exclusively peaceful use of ICTs, to prevent militarization of information space, to prevent conflicts in it, and to overcome the digital divide. They agreed to jointly promote these principles in the UN.

Ethiopia is recognized by UNESCO as one of the leading African countries by registering different tangible and intangible heritages. In addition to the more than dozens of tangible heritages, the country occupies the most conspicuous place for registering various intangible world heritages at UNESCO including Meskel, Finding of the true Cross, Fichee Chambalala, the New Year celebration of the Sidama people, the Gada System, Oromo indigenous democratic socio-political system, Timket or Ethiopian Epiphany, and the Shuwal Eid Festival. These world intangible cultural heritages represent the rich diversity and cultural identity of Ethiopia and its various ethnic groups. They play a significant role in preserving traditional knowledge, promoting social cohesion, and fostering intergenerational transmission of cultural practices and values besides their economic benefits as tourist attractions. Shuwal Eid is one of these precious gifts that Ethiopia contributed the world. Shuwal Eid Shuwal is the tenth month in the Islamic (Hijri) calendar. It comes after the holy month of Ramadan, which Muslims worldwide are required to observe by fasting and other religious activities. The faithful will continue their six-day fast in the month of Shuwal following the celebration of Eid Al-Fitr, which marks the end of the holy month of Ramadan. The voluntary fasting of Shuwal provides the faithful to have a chance to reap significant rewards to compensate the wrongdoings they might have committed during the holy month of Ramadan. Though Muslims across Ethiopia also fasts during Shuwal, the people of Harari, one of the regional States in Ethiopia, celebrate the end of the six day fasting on the 8th day of Shuwal with unique cultural festivities in a mammoth cultural and religious extravaganza. The celebration is observed in Harar for three days. Shewal Zikr, or the recollection and glorification of GOD (Allah), is held for three nights in different locations to start the celebrations. On the last day, there is a 24-hour ongoing celebrity event that draws large crowds of individuals dressed in vibrant costumes. Hararis congregate in the city from all directions and neighborhoods, usually taking part as spectators. Shuwal Eid, which has been inscribed by UNESCO in 2023, brings together people from all age groups and genders in the society. The streets of Harar will be crowded with people celebrating Shuwal Eid, including girls and boys who are exquisitely dressed in vibrant traditional clothing that captivates onlookers. The festival includes prayers and spiritual music, as well as scripture readings, dancing, music, and blessings of the almighty Allah. More than any other holiday, Shuwal Eid is adored by the teenagers of Harari as the platform is assumed conducive venue where youngsters throw eyes to each other, for marriage. The event also provides an opportunity for elders to bless the future generation and share their wisdom, while also teaching young people about cultural values, norms, customs and traditions. Shuwal Eid is transmitted within families and by participating in the celebration, as well as through formal educational and safeguarding measures in the sites where the festival takes place. It is a platform for the transmission of performing arts, oral traditions, traditional dress and other cultural elements. Shuwal Eid promotes social cohesion and a sense of identity. It also contributes to cultural exchange and supports the local community and artisans. Shuwal Eid was inscribed at UNESCO in November 2023 as a world intangible world heritage. This year, the Festival is being colorfully celebrated with multiple shows at Harar City this year for the first time after being inscribed at UNESCO last year. In addition to being a unique platform for marketing Ethiopia's tourism sector, the festival provides global sociologists and anthropologists with a study subject. The Ministry of Tourism could exploit this excellent opportunity for tourism development and image building for the country while media outlets are expected to document the entire process of the festival and prepare it to be used for tourist consumption. Harar is one of Ethiopia’s attractions as it is a museum of world heritages. The old city of Harar is a custodian of various cultural heritages which are being visited by tourists here and across the world. Squeezed into a mere 1 square kilometer, Harar boasts 368 passageways, making it the fourth holiest city in the world after Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem. The fortified city contained 102 shrines and 82 mosques, making it the biggest concentration of mosques in the world. It was renowned for being a hub for Muslim learning and trade, and it had its own currency at one point. Harar was the most significant commercial hub in the Horn of Africa for many centuries, connecting the ports of the Somali coast to the lush interior of Ethiopia, as evidenced by the vibrant markets and distinctive gey gar (city houses) of the city. In 2006, UNESCO designated Harar Jugol as a World Heritage Site. Shuwal Eid and other tangible and intangible cultural heritages found in the city need to be preserved and developed to enhance their contribution to the tourism sector. In this regard, four museums in Harar City have already been selected to introduce Shuwal Eid to local visitors and tourists with various cultural shows. The Ethiopian Heritage Authority is working with pertinent players to exploit the tourism potential of Shuwal. Deputy Director of Ethiopian Heritage Authority, Elias Shukur told ENA that various activities are being conducted to introduce the festival both at the national and international level. He added that efforts are being made to further develop the festival with its original cultural assets and values. The old city of Harar is a custodian of various cultural heritages including Shuwal Eid which are being visited by tourists here and across the world. Elias stressed that Shuwal Eid and other intangible and tangible cultural heritages found in the city need to be preserved and developed to enhance their contribution to the tourism sector mentioning that four museums in Harar City have already been selected to introduce Shuwal Eid to local visitors and tourists with various cultural shows. Harar is indeed a living museum that should be preserved to generation as it depicts ancient wisdom vital to our future. (By Solomon Dibaba )              

A startup business is an entrepreneurial venture in the early stages of operations, typically created for resolving real life problems. It often focuses on developing innovative products, services, and solutions to address market needs and societal challenges. As startups solve society's needs, they attract investors and funders because of the tremendous growth opportunities. In recent years, Ethiopia has emerged as a beacon of opportunity in the global startup landscape. The country's commitment, both from the government and the private sector side, has set the stage for a remarkable transformation. During a recent panel discussion, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed emphasized the need to foster a strong startup ecosystem in Ethiopia. He pointed out the country's unique potential, citing the huge number of youth with a strong technological aptitude — over 60 percent in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education at university level. These factors, the premier argued, could be instrumental in tackling Ethiopia's challenges, including high unemployment, low Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and limited tax collection. According to the premier, startups in Ethiopia range across all sectors. A very good thing is that international financiers are making commitment to finance Ethiopian startups. For example, Master Card Foundation has promised to invest about 700 million USD for startups, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation also extends a lot of support in this regard. The PM further recalled that Khalifa Foundation has announced the launch of a 100-million-USD fund for startups, small and medium scale businesses in Ethiopia. There are many interests from outside to support Ethiopian startups. Moreover, the premier reiterated the government's commitment to supporting startups, primarily driven by the private sector. This support will encompass policy frameworks, administrative assistance, and the creation of a favorable ecosystem for innovation. Noting the several key government initiatives taken to support the startup ecosystem, Abiy pointed out that the government's Ten-Year Development Plan positions technology as one of the five pillars for achieving prosperity – a critical policy move for startups. Above and beyond the supports, a National Steering Committee led by Deputy Prime Minister Temesgen Tiruneh has been established to oversee the overall functions of startups. The recent legalization of Fintech, which the government previously deemed illegal, demonstrates its commitment to embracing new technologies. Additionally, intellectual property rights are now recognized to address investor concerns. Artificial intelligence is also actively explored and adopted. The prime minister revealed that universities across the country have various incubation centers to nurture startups. "By implementing all these initiatives, we are laying the groundwork for a flourishing of robust startups ecosystem, offering a roadmap for sustainable growth and success,” Abiy pointed out. Furthermore, the premier noted the common practice of previous governments were banning new technologies due to lack of understanding and fear of potential risks. However, he emphasized that such a stance has detrimental effects, often leading to illegal activities. The new approach is to assess both the benefits and risks of emerging technologies. By taking calculated risks and learning from experience, the government aims to decree laws that minimize risks while maximizing the potential benefits. Prime Minister Abiy underscored that this commitment to continuous learning represents a significant leap forward in strengthening the startup ecosystem. While much work remains to be done to support the initiative, Ethiopia is poised to reap the rewards, potentially nurturing homegrown tech giants in the years to come. Encouraging startups in sectors like technology, healthcare, renewable energy, and consumer goods can intensify Ethiopia's resilience to economic shocks and global market fluctuations. Ethiopia's journey towards becoming a startup hub has been fueled by an unwavering commitment from both the government and private entities. This commitment is not just a paper work but a tangible investment in the future. Government initiatives, coupled with the enthusiasm of private enterprises, have created an ecosystem where startups can thrive.    

BY A Staff Writer Ethiopians of all walks of life here and abroad are waiting for the 13th anniversary of the commencement of the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) whose cornerstone was laid by the late Prime Minister Melese Zenawi in 2011. The news of GERD was so overwhelming among Ethiopians in changing the status quo ante to shatter the age-old perception that Ethiopia would not be allowed to develop the Abbay River and generate hydropower. For many centuries, Ethiopia has been deprived of its natural rights to develop Abbay and getting loans from international financial institutions. In 2011, the Ethiopian government had to confront this age-old hegemony of the waters and doable standards imposed on the country with determination. Ethiopians regardless of ethnic identity, religion and ideology swiftly responded to the call of the government in unison and geared up to do whatever it takes to build the dam and generate electricity. Although the timeline was five years to complete the GERD, due to various factors, the dam has almost taken 13 years to complete. Over the last 13 years, Ethiopia has faced multiple challenges from both within and outside of the country. In particular, Egypt put pressure on Ethiopia to halt the construction of the dam. Ethiopia’s position has been clear. Abbay is a transboundary River; hence the resource is common to all Nile riparian countries and has to be utilized on win-win approach. Accordingly, Ethiopia called for collaboration and cooperation among the river basin states for mutual benefits and fair use of the waters. To this end, Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan signed Declaration of Principles in 2015 in Khartoum. And there have been several tripartite negotiations afterwards, though they did not bear fruits due to the old colonial position of Egypt. Ethiopia has also made it clear that the construction of GERD is based on international conventions on the utilization of Transboundary Rivers and was not intended to harm the lower riparian countries in any way but is intended to provide light and power for more than 60% of its population who are still dependent on unhealthy bio-fuel resources. Following the last five years where the incumbent government launched comprehensive reforms, the people and the Government of Ethiopia worked in unison, with untold tenacity and determination to address the challenges encountered and complete the dam. Apart from generating electricity, GERD has also huge potential for fishery and ecotourism. In line with Agenda 2063 and other sub-regional initiatives envisioned by African Union, GERD offers enormous potential and opportunity for regional development and integration in the Horn of Africa and Africa at large. It will serve as great inspiration for cooperation and coalition building among African countries. Indeed, the future economic development of Africa, to a greater extent, depends upon coalition building for collaboration and cooperation. GERD has also potential for tourist development in addition to sharing renewable energy which is very important for African economic self-reliance by developing continental energy resources. There are 70 islands created in the dam, waiting for local and foreign investors to engage in the hospitality industry. All told, thanks to the unreserved commitment of the people of Ethiopia and the government, the flagship Ethiopian mega project has reached 95% to be completed in few months of Ethiopian fiscal year. GERD, as the biggest hydropower dam in Africa is being built at the cost of 5 billion USD, clearly exhibits what miracles can Ethiopians perform to their beloved country regardless of the challenges facing them. Ethiopia is building the dam to generate electricity to about 60% of its 120 million citizens. While the electricity demand is growing by 30% every year, the dam’s over 5000 megawatt energy would not meet the country's growing needs. Sudan, Kenya and Djibouti are already connected with power grid, Ethiopia has also reached agreement with Tanzania to connect with power. In brief, GERD is a vivid manifestation of Ethiopia’s resolve to prosperity. Ethiopians ranging from school children to water fetching women, from firewood collectors to public servants, from farmers/pastoralists to investors and foreign citizens of Ethiopian residing overseas have made great contributions to the success of GERD. Not least but last, the local and foreign contractors and engineers labored much from dawn to dusk in a hostile climate along with members of the ENDF to protect the area from any threats.

BY SOLOMON DIBABA The Victory of Adwa is a hard won battle in 1896 during the reign of Emperor Menelik II. Following the declaration pronounced by the emperor that the sovereignty of Ethiopia was endangered by Italian Aggression, Ethiopians from four corners of the country marched to Addis Ababa and Were Ilu. Peasants, women and volunteers, artisans and others from all backgrounds and ethnicities left for Addis Ababa and Were Ilu to fend off Italian aggressors who had the support of the colonial powers in the Scramble for Africa. The victory of Adwa is commemorated annually on March 2 in Ethiopia. Exactly 128 years ago, more than 100,000, multi-ethnic, barefooted and well equipped but courageous Ethiopian irregular soldiers led by Emperor Menelik II and Empress Taitu and 12 commanders drawn from across the country marched for a historic face off with invading Italian Army equipped to the teeth with modern firearms at the hills of Adwa. The victory of Ethiopian youth army at the Battle of Adwa on March 2, 1896 is a historic landmark in the history of the black population across the world, particularly in Africa. It ignited two important phenomenological incidents in Ethiopian and African history including the decolonization of African and the continental vision of Pan Africanism. The victory at the Battle of Adwa immediately resonated across the world in complete negation of the invincibility of the diplomatic, political and military prowess of the European colonialists and their cry wolf of “civilizing mission.” Every year on March 2, Ethiopia and Africa mark the victory at the Battle of Adwa, in which Emperor Menelik II mobilized youth army of artesian, women and volunteers from all walks of life to repel Italian aggressors which received the blessings of the colonial powers in the Scramble for Africa in line with the resolutions of the Berlin Conference (1884-1885.) Professor Richard Pankhurst, in his book "Reflections on the Battle of Adwa," highlights the enduring significance of the Ethiopian triumph at the Battle of Adwa, which holds a prominent place in the collective memory of the African continent. This historic event stands as a remarkable testament, celebrated for over a century, and holds the unique distinction of being the sole secular occurrence in Africa's extensive chronicles to garner such prolonged recognition. A phenomenon such as Adwa is a complex nexus of various historical processes with wide ranging but as yet not fully explored meanings. Adwa does not only reflect its time, but that it also transcends it, and that the aspirations and meanings that flow from it have been a powerful constitutive force in the rise and evolution of modern African Pan Africanism. Indeed, it is an event that awakened the hope for emancipation and the struggle against colonialism and racism among Africans in the colonies and in the Diaspora. Black people across the globe celebrate one historical asset that occurred 128 years ago in a small town in northern Ethiopia. The Battle of Adwa was a rocket booster or a launching pad for the inception of Pan Africanism. This historic battle and the subsequent victory registered by irregular army of Ethiopia resonated across the world as the first victory against a colonial power ever to be won by an African country. History proves that the victory at the Battle of Adwa was not a victory only for Ethiopia. Although the Battle was fought in Ethiopia, the entire global peoples share this outstanding victory against a European colonial power that was thought to be invincible. It must be noted that the founding fathers of the former OAU were certainly inspired by the loft goals of pan Africanism. Kwame Nkrumah, who was undoubtedly one of Africa’s foremost freedom fighters, nationalists, writers, and thinkers, that influenced a generation of Pan-African nationalists and freedom fighters, and the founding member of the Organization of African. He foretold that “It is clear that we must find an African solution to our problems, and that this can only be found in African unity. Divided We fall; United, We Stand" become one of the greatest forces for good in the world. Will Africa live up to these expectations? The current trend is in the right direction but certainly there are huge challenges ahead before the lofty goals of Pan Africanism are achieved. Today, the African Union (AU) has creatively designed Agenda 2063. Ethiopia was and is indeed a forerunner in promoting the loft goals of Pan Africanism and the decolonization of the African continent by supporting major African liberation fronts like ANC. Moreover, in the sphere of integrating Africa, Ethiopia has already gone a long way in connecting Africa by aviation, railway line, road transport, telecommunication and supply of renewable hydro-electric power for the neighboring countries. The aspirations of the victory at the Battle of Adwa needs to be implanted in the African youth who are expected to continue to light up the torch of Pan Africanism. The spirit of Adwa will certainly continue to reverberate in the current pan Africanist battle against abject poverty, climate change and pursue common destiny. In this regard, Ethiopia has recently inaugurated a state-of-the-art memorial to honor those who fell at the Battle of Adwa. The Adwa Victory Memorial honors the bravery and resilience of Ethiopians in the face of colonial powers who labeled the continent Africa as dark. In addition to its historical significance, the Victory Memorial also serves as a symbol of pride, unity, and resilience for the Ethiopian people and Africa at large. It is a place of remembrance, reflection, and education, preserving the memory of the Battle of Adwa and its enduring legacy for future generations. Victory at the Battle of Adwa is indeed symbolic of how an irregular army of Ethiopia defeated an European army equipped to the teeth only because Ethiopians were united in purpose to ensure their freedom and territorial integrity. The lesson from Adwa was loud and clear, united Africans can overcome any challenge facing them.  

The inauguration of Adwa Victory Memorial is more than revealing a monument and indeed is celebrating a legacy that goes beyond the bounds of time and place for all black people across the world. United Ethiopians forces in the Battle of Adwa 127 years ago made a landmark history by triumphing over Italian colonial powers. The Adwa Victory Memorial, built at the heart of Ethiopia’s capital, Addis Ababa, which will be inaugurated today in the presence of high ranking government officials and invited guests, depicts this grand event and its significances. The Adwa Victory Memorial provides major historical events, pertinent individuals like Emperor Menelik II, Empress Taytu Betul, and generals who spearheaded Ethiopia's victory in the battle. It depicts significant historical issues like the spirit of pan-Africanism and the global black community's fight for freedom, which were sparked following Adwa's victory. This memorial is a vivid representation of a defining moment in history, embodying the enduring spirit and resilience of Ethiopia, Africa, and all who have faced oppression across the globe. It is crystal clear that Adwa is not merely an Ethiopian treasure; it is a jewel in the crown of African heritage and a beacon of hope for all oppressed peoples worldwide. This is due to the fact that Ethiopians did not just defeat a colonial power in 1896 rather they wrote a new chapter in history, fundamentally altering global perceptions about Africans. Besides, the victory shattered the then prevailing perception narrative against Africans as inferior and showcased instead a continent rich in strategy, bravery, and the unwavering pursuit of freedom. Along the years the echoes of Adwa Victory have resonated through generations, inspiring countless Africans to envisage a future unshackled from the chains of colonialism. Furthermore, it has been a source of pride and a rallying cry for change, igniting the flames of independence movements across the continent. Adwa through the memorial inaugurated today still stands as a living testament to the indomitable spirit of Africa, a reminder that unity and courage can overturn the tides of oppression. By building the Adwa Victory Memorial, Ethiopians are not only preserving a historical legacy but also reigniting a spirit of change and empowerment. It is a call to remember the past struggles and victories, to draw strength from them, and to continue the fight for a world where every person, regardless of race or origin, can live with dignity and opportunity. To put it in nut shell, the Adwa Victory Memorial is therefore, more than just a structure of stone and metal; it is a symbol of hope, a shrine of courage, and a school of inspiration for generations to come.  

Ethiopia has given not only to its citizens but to the black people across the globe a priceless gift by erecting Adwa Victory Memorial in the capital Addis Ababa. The Adwa Victory, which is not merely an Ethiopian treasure rather an African heritage, a beacon of hope for all oppressed peoples worldwide. The victory vividly demonstrates the fact that everything is possible if people work together toward a common goal. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is one of the memorials portrayed in the newly constructed Adwa Victory Memorial in the heart of Addis Ababa to show the fact that when people mobilized and organized, they can achieve whatever they wish. The Adwa victory has reignited the spirit of unity amongst Ethiopians in realizing the economic emancipation through the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). After more than 115 years, Ethiopians once again declared another analogical and historical call to build the largest dam in Africa which effectively symbolizes economic, social, and political and the quest for peaceful development in the spirit of Pan-Africanism. The victory of the Battle of Adwa which triggered the spirit of Pan-Africanism also echoed in the construction of GERD. The Adwa Victory and GERD are two sides of the same coin. In 1896, Ethiopians did not just defeat a colonial power; they wrote a new chapter in history, fundamentally altering global perceptions about Africans. Likewise, with GERD Ethiopians stood in unison; defied decades-old erroneous perception from every direction and practically made it a hope for cooperation and integration with the Nile River downstream countries as well as its neighbors. In addition to that, the Adwa Victory was solely won by Ethiopians without any support from outside. GERD unlike most of the current global grand flagship projects is entirely financed by the Ethiopian people through donation, buying-bond, and so on. It is being built with the blood, sweat and tears of the Ethiopian people from all walks of life. The GERD, which is now at the final stage, is expected to provide access to electricity to more than 60 million Ethiopians and provide affordable electricity to the service, industrial and agricultural sectors. For Ethiopian building the GERD is not a matter of choice, but an economic and developmental necessity and the way to pull out poverty for a nation of 120 million people. It is also pivotal in providing many benefits to the entire Horn of Africa region and beyond as well as accelerating regional integration. This clearly demonstrates that the current generation of Ethiopia through its leadership is replicating Adwa Victory to ascertaining economic emancipation. That is why GERD has been one of the memorials portrayed in the newly constructed Adwa Victory Memorial in the heart of Addis Ababa to show the fact that when people mobilized and organized, they can achieve whatever they wish. The newly built Memorial, which absolutely breathtaking in its architectural elegance and commemorates the historic Battle of Adwa, a moment of courage, unity, and victory for Ethiopia serves as a beacon of our past, depicting the commitment, strength and victory of not only the Ethiopian people but also the black people across the globe. Both Adwa and GERD convey clear message to the brotherly and sisterly people of Africa that they can genuinely ensure their economic and political independence as well as overcome the present day challenges if they work together to fortify their togetherness by freeing themselves from the centuries-old influence of the superpowers. The Adwa Victory Memorial, a monumental project located at the center of the capital, encompasses a museum, meeting halls, amphitheater, library, art gallery, exhibition center, and other facilities, all dedicated to honoring the heroes and heroines of the historic triumph and Africans.